Glossary of steel industry terms, T-Z.

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Steel Industry Glossary of Terms: T-Z.

Technical glossary - common acronyms


TermGlossary Explanation
TeemingThe pouring of molten metal from a ladle into an ingot mould. The economic advantages of continuous casting over ingot casting mean that the ingot-route process has largely been superseded for high volume production of steel
Tensile strengthThe maximum load applied in a tensile test divided by the original cross-sectional area of the test piece. Also known as Ultimate Tensile Strength or Maximum Stress
Terne coatedCold rolled steel that has been hot dip coated with a lead coating (usually >90% lead). The most common application of terne coated steel is car petrol tanks
Thin slab castingProduction of a slab approx 50 mm - 75 mm thick in a process that is integrated with hot strip casting. The thin slab casting process requires much less gauge reduction of the slab (otherwise undertaken in roughing mills starting with perhaps 250mm thick slab) and the integration with strip rolling means much reduced reheat needs (saving time and energy cost)
Tin foilThin gauge material (typically 0.016mm thick) nowadays generally made from aluminium, commonly used for food wrapping. Aluminium is preferred to tin as it is generally more pliable
TMTThermomechanical treatment
Toll rollingAlso referred to as hire rolling this glossary term refers to the practice of rolling steel as a service - typically by a firm that does not have ownership of the steel
TonneUnit of weight commonly used outside the USA, which refers to a metric tonne. A tonne is 1000 kilograms or ~2204.6 pounds
Tool steelCarbon and alloy steels that have high resistance to abrasion. As the name suggests this product group is especially well suited to the manufacture of tools (including stamping dies, shear blades, and hand tools such as spanners, machine tool bit holders etc)
TORTOR steel bar is another term for twisted deformed reinforcing steel bar (as distinct from TMT treated steel bar)
tptTonnes per tonne - refers to process charge as the inverse of yield loss. Thus a charge of 1.05 tpt is the starting weight for a manufacturing step with ~95% through yield
TundishA reservoir for holding liquid steel and feeding the steel in a controlled manner into a continuous casting machine
TurningsMetal shavings formed during the course of metalworking. Also know as swarf
ULCOSUltra Low CO2 Steelmaking
ULCOWINUltra Low CO2 electrowinning steelmaking process. This is a low-temperature electrolysis process that produces solid state elemental iron from iron ore
ULSABUltra Light Steel Auto Body - a joint initiative undertaken by vehicle designers and steelmakers to create a lighter stronger autobody, improve vehicle fuel efficiency and improve emission performance
UTSUltimate Tensile Strength. See Tensile Strength
Vacuum degassingA secondary steelmaking operation in which the molten steel is exposed to a vacuum. It results in the removal of gases, particularly hydrogen and usually enables improved cleanness levels to be obtained
VARVacuum Arc Remelting. A method of producing ingots with lower gas content, fewer inclusions and reduced segregation. The process consists of melting a cast or wrought electrode with a DC arc under high vacuum. Molten droplets exposed to the vacuum are collected and solidify to ingot in a water-cooled copper mould
VOCVolatile organic compounds. May be released to the air as an emission during electric steelmaking - thus a potential health risk if not monitored or controlled
VODVacuum Oxygen Decarburisation. A ladle steelmaking process in which oxygen is injected into molten steel under vacuum. This allows carbon to be removed from the steel without oxidising chromium. A method of refining stainless steel (see also AOD)
White goodsReference to refrigerators, freezers, ovens, washing machines, tumble driers [often painted white] which make up a distinct steel-consuming segment (especially significant in flat products)
Wire drawingThe reduction in cross-section of descaled rod by progressively pulling it through dies. The resulting product has a bright surface, improved mechanical properties and closer dimensional tolerances. Distinguished from bright drawing by being a coil-to-coil process
Wrought ironIron that has a low carbon content (usually les than 0.15 per cent). Many traditional applications of wrought iron now use low carbon steel instead
WSAWorld Steel Association. One of the leading world steel industry associations. Formerly IISI
Yellow goodsReference to fork lift trucks, bulldozers, earth-moving equipment etc [typically painted yellow] which represent a distinct steel-consuming segment
YieldMeasure of efficiency of a steelmaking process stage, often expressed as a percentage. Typically calculated as the weight of steel produced in a given manufacturing step relative to the quantity charged
Yield strengthThe stress at which permanent deformation occurs in a tensile test. In many steels, this point is not readily distinguishable and a proof strength value is used as an alternative (see also Proof Strength)



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